For a car to run fast, it must have strong power.At present, the vehicle's power system can be divided into two categories: natural intake system and pressurized intake system.In European sports cars, in addition to the BMW still insist on using natural intake engine outside, other car companies in order to improve the dynamic performance of vehicle, using supercharging system in succession, such as: Mercedes sports car using mechanical pressurization system, saab automobile for turbocharged takes.In recent years, Japanese cars have also begun to use a lot of turbocharging technology.The natural intake system is not equipped with any type of supercharger, but USES the negative pressure produced by the piston down to absorb the mixture.Although the natural intake system can get a large horsepower output through the variable valve timing system, the power improvement is limited.In order to increase the output power of the engine effectively, the supercharging system is the most effective way.

The most common turbocharging systems are mechanical and exhaust turbocharging.

Mechanical pressurization

The engine drives the mechanical supercharger mechanically for supercharging, which is called mechanical supercharging.When the engine is mechanically pressurized, it is usually driven by the engine crankshaft through gear.Turbochargers are usually centrifugal or rotz compressors, with individual screw compressors.In recent years, a new type of mechanical turbocharger has also been adopted abroad.Because a compressor consumes a certain amount of engine output power, the thermal efficiency of a mechanically pressurized engine is not necessarily improved, and is sometimes lower than that of a non-pressurized internal combustion engine.When selecting the pressurizing pressure, the first step is to ensure that the required average effective pressure can be achieved, and the second step is to obtain the lowest fuel consumption rate possible.These two requirements are often contradictory to mechanical supercharging.If the average effective pressure is pursued, it will inevitably lead to lower mechanical efficiency and higher fuel consumption rate.Therefore, the selection of pressurized pressure value should seek the best compromise between power and fuel consumption rate.Supercharging systems are now more common in European cars.Because the supercharger is driven by a crankshaft and continues to operate, the real estate is like a turbocharged turbine.Mechanical pressurization can only increase power output by about 20%, but smooth continuity is beyond the scope of turbocharged engines.

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Exhaust turbocharging

The use of engine exhaust energy to drive turbochargers is called exhaust turbochargers (referred to as turbochargers). As shown in the picture, it is an exhaust turbocharging system.Exhaust gas turbocharging is characterized by no mechanical connection between the turbocharger and the engine.They communicate by air.Because the consumption of compressor work is part of the turbine from the exhaust gas recycling energy, so the turbo engine not only can increase the power of engine, and can improve the thermal efficiency, reduce the fuel consumption rate.If the Turbo or T logo is seen in the back of the car, it indicates that the engine used in the car is turbocharged.Turbocharger is, in fact, air compressor, it is the use of engine exhaust from inertial turbine, gas turbine and drive the coaxial impeller compressed air filter pipe sent by air, pressurized air into the cylinder.When the engine speed increases, exhaust gas discharge speed and turbine speed synchronization also increase, the impeller to compress more air into the cylinder, air pressure and density increase to burn more fuel, a corresponding increase amount and adjust the speed of the engine, can increase the output power of engine.

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